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Thunderstorm-related asthma: what happens and why

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Thunderstorm-related asthma: what happens and why
Clinical & Experimental Allergy, 46, 390–396
G. D’Amato, C. Vitale, M. D’Amato, L. Cecchi, G. Liccardi, A. Molino, A. Vatrella, A. Sanduzzi, C. Maesano ,I. Annesi-Maesano
 
abstract
The fifth report issued by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change forecasts that
greenhouse gases will increase the global temperature as well as the frequency of extreme
weather phenomena. An increasing body of evidence shows the occurrence of severe
asthma epidemics during thunderstorms in the pollen season, in various geographical
zones. The main hypotheses explaining association between thunderstorms and asthma
claim that thunderstorms can concentrate pollen grains at ground level which may then
release allergenic particles of respirable size in the atmosphere after their rupture by
osmotic shock. During the first 20–30 min of a thunderstorm, patients suffering from pollen
allergies may inhale a high concentration of the allergenic material that is dispersed
into the atmosphere, which in turn can induce asthmatic reactions, often severe. Subjects
without asthma symptoms, but affected by seasonal rhinitis can also experience an
asthma attack. All subjects affected by pollen allergy should be alerted to the danger of
being outdoors during a thunderstorm in the pollen season, as such events may be an
important cause of severe exacerbations. In light of these observations, it is useful to predict
thunderstorms and thus minimize thunderstorm-related
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